When was the First Artificial Satellite Launched?

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The first artificial satellite was Sputnik 1, launched into orbit round the Earth by the Soviet Union in 1957. Sputnik was a metal sphere about 60 cm across and weighed 80 kgs. It orbited the earth once every 96 minutes at a height of about 200
Artificial satellites could be weather satellites or communication satellites. Weather satellites have cameras that send back pictures of cloud and storm formation. Communication satellites relay television and telephone signals around the world. They have equipment powered by solar batteries.

The satellites receive a signal from the transmitting station on the Earth, amplify it and beam it down to another Earth-station, which could be thousands of kilometres away.

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