Augustus, (Gaius Julius Caesar Octavianus)

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Augustus, (Gaius Julius Caesar Octavianus) (63 BC-AD 14) Founder of the Roman Empire, the son of Gaius Octavius, and great-nephew, through his mother Atia, of Julius Caesar, On Caesar's assassination (44 BC), he raised an army, defeated Antony, and extorted a consulship from the Senate (43 BC). When Antony returned from Gaul in force later that year with Lepidus, Octavian made a deal with his former enemies, joining the so-called Second Triumvirate with them, and taking Africa, Sardinia, and Sicily as his province. A later redivision of power gave him the entire western half of the Roman world, and Antony the eastern. In 31 BC, the Battle of Actium made Octavian victorious as the sole ruler of the Roman world. The Romans awarded him the title Pater Patriae ('Father of his Country') in 2 BC, and on his death made him a god (divus Augustus). >> Actium, Battle of; Antonius; Caesar; Lepidus; Livia; Roman history;  triumvirate

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